The world’s longest railway tunnels are true marvels of engineering. At the top is Gotthard Base Tunnel in Switzerland, which extends an impressive 57.1 km and opened in 2016. Japan’s Seikan Tunnel, stretching 53.85 km Following closely behind. The Channel Tunnel takes the third spot, connecting the UK and France under the English Channel.
These rail tunnels are more than just shortcuts, they symbolize human innovation and determination. Let’s explore the Top 10 Longest Rail Tunnels in the World.
Gotthard Base Tunnel, Switzerland (57.1 km)
The longest railway tunnel in the world, running 57.1 km under the Swiss Alps, opened in June 2016. It connects Erstfeld in Uri canton to Bodio in Ticino canton. The tunnel’s construction lasted 17 years and replaced old road freight with environmentally friendly rail transport.
Seikan Tunnel, Japan (53.9 km)
This 53.85 km tunnel beneath the Tsugaru Strait connects Honshu and Hokkaido. Completed in 1988, it ensures safe transportation across regions prone to typhoons and heavy snowfall, operating both passenger and freight trains.
Channel Tunnel, France/UK (50.5 km)
Built in 1994, the 50.45 km-long Channel Tunnel runs beneath the English Channel and connects the UK to France. It allows high-speed Eurostar passenger trains to travel between major cities like London, Paris, and Brussels.
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Yulhyeon Tunnel, South Korea (50.3 km)
Stretching around 50 km, this tunnel is focused on geological studies and seismic safety. Built in 2016, it collects important data for better construction techniques in urban areas prone to natural disasters like earthquakes.
Songshan Lake Tunnel, China (38.8 km)
Opening in 2017, this 38 km-long tunnel significantly improves connectivity within China’s Guangdong province, aiding both passenger and freight services. It enhances safety and operational efficiency while minimizing environmental impact.
Lotschberg Base Tunnel, Switzerland (34.6 km)
Part of the NRLA project alongside the Gotthard Base Tunnel, it spans 34.6 km and connects Frutigen in Bernese Oberland with Raron in Valais. Opened in 2007, it supports high-speed rail travel and freight transport.
New Guanjiao Tunnel, China (32.7 km)
This tunnel, stretching 29 km, enhances China’s railway infrastructure, providing faster train services through challenging mountainous terrains. It prioritizes safety and operational efficiency.
Guadarrama Tunnel, Spain (28.4 km)
Completed in 2007, the 28 km Guadarrama Tunnel connects Madrid with other major cities via high-speed rail. It minimizes disruption to surrounding ecosystems and improves travel times and regional connectivity.
West Qinling Tunnel, China (28.2 km)
Recently opened as part of China’s railway expansion, this 28 km tunnel enhances connectivity across Shaanxi province and supports efficient passenger and freight transport, promoting economic growth.
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Taihang Tunnel, China (27.8 km)
The Taihang Tunnel 27 km-long tunnel conquers steep mountainous terrains, providing a crucial link between various regions in China’s extensive railway system. This plays a crucial role in enhancing national connectivity through high-speed rail services.
This tunnel facilitates faster transit times for both passengers and freight, with trains travelling at speeds over 200 km per hour (124 mph).
| Rank | Tunnel Name | Location | Length (km) | Year Opened |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gotthard Base Tunnel | Switzerland | 57.1 | 2016 |
| 2 | Seikan Tunnel | Japan | 53.85 | 1988 |
| 3 | Channel Tunnel | France/UK | 50.5 | 1994 |
| 4 | Yulhyeon Tunnel | South Korea | 50.3 | 2016 |
| 5 | Songshan Lake Tunnel | China | 38.82 | 2017 |
| 6 | Lötschberg Base Tunnel | Switzerland | 34.6 | 2007 |
| 7 | New Guanjiao Tunnel | China | 32.7 | 2014 |
| 8 | Guadarrama Tunnel | Spain | 28.4 | 2007 |
| 9 | West Qinling Tunnel | China | 28.2 | 2016 |
| 10 | Taihang Tunnel | China | 27.8 | 2007 |
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